Samuel Huntingtons The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of Worl

AbstractSamuel Huntingtons The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order defines eight major civilizations on the basis of religion. This division of global powers can be used to prove that the Western civilization will never completely master the global media. While Western thought tends to lead to a more representative form of government, and consequently a more libertarian or social responsibility-based media, the early(a) belief systems of the global powers tend to lead to more authoritarian government and media formats. This difference creates constant conflict between the global powers, thus disabling all one civilization from subjugating the others.Issue PaperIn The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order, Samuel Huntington asserts the idea that the end of the Cold War marked the beginning of a realignment of global powers. Huntington believes these powers, or civilizations, can be distinguished by religion, and he divides the post-Cold War worl d into eight major civilizations Sinic/Confucian Japanese Hindu Muslim Orthodox Western Latin American and possibly African (45-47). This division of power among religion is the basis for the argument against complete Anglo-dominance of a global media. The vast differences among the various civilizations treatment of the media will prove too great for even the transnational corporations to overcome. To take Huntingtons theory one step further, the religious differences among these civilizations will be at the heart of the inability of the Western (Anglo-dominated) world to exert total power over the rest of the world.Huntington is careful to separate each religion, excepting Japanese, Latin American and African, from any particul... ...ations of the Moscow Patriarchate, The Russian Orthodox Church Today. 1996.Grice, Corey. Russia, Latin America installing fiber-optic networks. CNET spic-and-spans.com. February 3, 2000.Hickerson, Delvin and Trevor Kirkland, The Geography of Confuci anism. May 17, 1999.Huntington, Samuel, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order. New York Simon & Schuster, 1996.Infobeat / AP. Japan publishers pressured to tone down descriptions. November 11, 1999.Newsday / AP. Japan Crown Prince attacks press. February 23, 2000.Sprunger, Meredith. The Urantia Book -- On-line Reference Edition. 2000.The New York Times / AP. Algeria detains photographer. April 03, 2000.The Washington Post. War reports limited on Russian TV. October 11, 1999.Yahoo / Reuters. Afghanistan art gallery reopens, but portraits banned. February 22, 2000.

Rushdie, Postmodernism & Postcolonialism :: Essays Papers

Rushdie, Postmodernism & PostcolonialismRushdies Midnights Children, published in 1980, was perhaps the seminal text in conceiving opinions as to interplay of ring armour-modern and post-colonial theory. The title of the novel refers to the descent of Saleem Sinai, the novels principal narrator, who is born at midnight August 15th 1947, the precise date of Indian independence. From this remarkable coincidence we are immediately careworn to the conclusion that the novels concerns are of the new India, and how some unmatched born into this new state of the Midnights child, if you will, interacts with this post-colonial state. To characterise the novel as one merely concerned with post-colonial India, and its various machinations, is however a reductive practice. While the novel does at various times deal with what it is to be Indian, both pre and post 1947, it is a more more layered and interesting piece of work. Midnights Childrens popularity is such that it was to be voted 25th in a poll conducted by the Guardian, listing the 100 best books of the last century, and was also to receive the Booker Prize in 1981 and the coveted Booker of Bookers in 1993. http//www.bookerprize.co.uk/ Why Midnights Children is much more than of interest to the reader interested in post-colonialism, is possibly due to its strong elements of magic realism, a literary device that goes feed in hand with postmodernism. Perhaps the most notable exponent of magic realism in literature is the Colombian author Gabriel Garcia Marquez, whose One Hundred Years of Solitude scripted in 1967 came to be seen as the standard bearer for the genre. Marquez was an undoubted influence on Rushdies work and in Midnights Children in particular, which was to adopt many of the surrealist flights of ideate which characterise One Hundred Years of Solitude. The term was first used in a wider post-colonialist context in an essay by Jacques Stephen Alexis, of the Magical pragmatism of the Haitians (Alexis 1956), although the term itself had been in circulation since Franz Roh the German art critic coined it in 1925. Yet the term only became popularised when it was employed to characterise the work of South American writers such as Marquez. More recently the term has come to refer to the inclusion of any mythic material from local written or oral finish used in contemporary narrative. The material is often used to examine the assumptions of Western narrative, which is usually categorised by its rationality and strict linearity.

Overcoming Barriers To Effective Communication Essay -- Communication

Overcoming Barriers to Effective CommunicationsE actuallyone has experienced, at one time or another the frustration of feeling misunderstood and being unable to make ourselves understood by another person. Anything which, blocks the meaning of a talk, is a barrier to communication. Effective communication is deal a house construct one block at a time. First to build a house trust must be built trust is not a group process it is created in one to one connections with each psyche. Second, be bold and open, better communications are clear, direct, respect, contemplative and frequent. And finally, strive to continually overcome the barriers to effective communication, challenge others to grow and educate your self. There are many barriers to effective communication, we will examine four of the chief(prenominal) ones, stereotyping, language, showing approval or disapproval, and becoming defensive. One of the greatest barriers to communication is stereotyping. A stereotype is defined as A conventional, formulaic, and oversimplified conception, opinion, or image(www.dictonary.com). When an individual has a preconception about another individual, it makes it difficult for the individual not to view the other individuals communication with prejudice. Within stereotyping in that respect are many facets in which one holds bias views to another individuals message. Of these there are stereotypes for race, religion, and gender. To better understand how stereotyping can hinder effective communication each area needs to be scrutinized in greater detail.To this day, some people are still judging others by the color of their skin. Racial stereotyping is an extremely detrimental facet of stereotyping. It can very well pave the road to out right racism. R... ...uickly bringing any major conflicts into the open and resolves them as a team build common ground.Since there has been many different examples expressed of barriers related to everyday communication, whether at hom e, or at work, you now have the tools to overcome these barriers. Just remember to be patient, learn and make yourself more effective at communicating. What it is you want to say? Build a house strong and others will follow. Referencesht/fulltext.assp?resultSetId=R00000000&hitNum=5&booleanTerm=effective%20communication&fuzzy/Term 10/12/2000ht/fulltext.assp?resultSetId=R00000000&hitNum=6&booleanTerm=effective%20communication&fuzzy/Term 10/12/2000http//www.mediate.com/articles/foster.cfm?plain=t 10/12/2000http//www.health.ufl.edu/nursing/fall99/nur3065c/hx/tsld014.htm 10/12/2000www.dictonary.com

King Lear :: essays research papers

King Lear Assignment1.Betrayal, Reconciliation, Authority versus Chaos, and Justice are different issues or themes that Shakespeare presents to his audience and asks them to battle and wrestle against. The first issue is the betrayal of the mightiness and of Gloucester, and the reconciliation between them and their loved ones in the end, and the authority versus the chaos in the city on England and finally the Justice issue in which both the bodies of the dangerous and the bad lay next to the each other in the end of the play. 2.Shakespeare implies a parallel between the dickens themes of Blindness and Madness. The two characters who suffer the nigh in the play are Lear and Gloucester. Their stories are similar in many ways however, while Lear slowly goes mad, Gloucester is blinded but remains sane. Lear and Gloucester both appear to be able to perceive certain things more clearly after they lose their faculties. Lear realizes only as he begins to go mad that Cordelia loves him and that Goneril and Regan are flatterers. He comes to understand the weakness of human nature at the same time when Gloucester comes to understand which son is really good and which is bad at the very flake of his blinding. 3.Betrayals play an important role in the play and show the workings of wickedness in both the familial and political realms. Brothers betray brothers and children betray fathers. Goneril and Regans betrayal of Lear raises them to power in Britain, where Edmund, who has betrayed both Edgar and Gloucester, joins them. Also Reconciliation has an important role between Lear and Cordelia as a dramatic personification of true, self-sacrificing love. kinda than hating Lear for banishing her, Cordelia remains devoted to her king and father who meanwhile, learns a cruel lesson in humility and eventually reaches the point where he can reunite joyfully with Cordelia. These two issues of betrayal and Reconciliation have a clear relevance to our world today where there a re lots of betrayals and reconciliations between families. 4.King Lear wanted to cleave the kingdom among his three daughters. He intended to crumble up the responsibilities of government and spend his old age visiting his children. He commanded his daughters to say which of them loved him the most, and promised to give the greatest share to that daughter. Lears two older daughters, Goneril and Regan, responded to his test, telling him in exaggerated terms that they loved him more than anything else.

Who Killed JFK? :: American America History

Who Killed JFK?Before we started the section on John F. Kennedy in our class I would have said that Lee Harvey Oswald assassinated him without a question in my mind. After reviewing videos on this subject in class I am now not so sure. Was there really a conspiracy to kill Kennedy or as a nation do we over analyze something that was an open and shut case? After reviewing the information in class I do not think Oswald was the lone assassin. I do not even think that Oswald was the assassin. The most convincing evidence that I received was the video showed in class where there was a man who was a specialist in stripping away layers in photographs down to diminutive particles. He had a picture of the shooting of JFK and stripped the layers away. The picture showed tiny particles coming off the back of JFKs head. Seeing this made me come to the conclusion that JFK was not shot from behind but from the front therefore Oswald could not of shot JFK because the book depository was positioned behind the presidents vehicle. I think that the death of JFK was pinned on Oswald because the jurisprudence were pressured to find the assassin of JFK. Oswald was an easy target because he openly held communist beliefs during a time when the cold war and anti-communist feelings were at its highest. I believe that dickhead Ruby truly shot Oswald so that Mrs. Kennedy would not have to relive that day when Oswald went to trial. People do strange things when caught up in the moment and the full-page inelegant was turned upside down over the assassination of President Kennedy. People thought it was suspicious that Jack Ruby was able to get so close to Oswald. He was able to do this because he was known by many of the officers, frequented the station and therefore was not perceived as a threat. I think the attitude changed towards the government after the assassination because the government did not run the investigating efficiently. They should of hired a group outside the governme nts CIA and FBI branches to run the investigation so that they could get an objective view instead of the view that the FBI and CIA knew their superiors wanted. I believe that we are more cynical in 2000 than 1963. We as a country have been through a lot of eye openers in the 37 years that have passed since the Presidents assassination.

Who Killed JFK? :: American America History

Who Killed JFK?Before we started the section on John F. Kennedy in our class I would have said that Lee Harvey Oswald bravoated him without a question in my mind. After reviewing tvs on this subject in class I am now not so sure. Was there really a conspiracy to pull down Kennedy or as a nation do we over analyze something that was an open and shut case? After reviewing the information in class I do not think Oswald was the lone assassin. I do not even think that Oswald was the assassin. The most convincing evidence that I received was the video showed in class where there was a man who was a specialist in stripping away layers in photographs down to tiny particles. He had a picture of the shooting of JFK and stripped the layers away. The picture showed tiny particles coming off the back of JFKs head. Seeing this made me come to the conclusion that JFK was not shot from bottom but from the front therefore Oswald could not of shot JFK because the book depository was positioned behi nd the presidents vehicle. I think that the death of JFK was pinned on Oswald because the police were pressured to find the assassin of JFK. Oswald was an easy tar sterilize because he openly held communist beliefs during a time when the cold war and anti-communist feelings were at its highest. I believe that Jack Ruby sincerely yours shot Oswald so that Mrs. Kennedy would not have to relive that day when Oswald went to trial. People do strange things when caught up in the moment and the whole country was glowering upside down over the assassination of President Kennedy. People thought it was suspicious that Jack Ruby was able to get so close to Oswald. He was able to do this because he was known by many of the officers, frequented the station and therefore was not perceived as a threat. I think the carriage changed towards the government after the assassination because the government did not run the investigation efficiently. They should of hired a group outside the governments CIA and FBI branches to run the investigation so that they could get an objective view instead of the view that the FBI and CIA knew their superiors wanted. I believe that we are more cynical in 2000 than 1963. We as a country have been finished a lot of eye openers in the 37 years that have passed since the Presidents assassination.

British Petroleum Analysis Essay

IntroductionWilliam Knox DArcy founded BP plc, formerly know as British Pet component partum, in 1909, they ar a world-wide community specializing in rock raw sore colour and atom smasher, headquartered in capital of the United Kingdom, England. BP has continued to grow since its inception, and now employs over 80 thousand people in 70 countries creationwide (Company History,N.D.para1). According to CNN money BP is ranked number six among opposite(a) global 500 companies (Fortune Global 500.BP.n.d.). Its key strengths argon in crude and feature exploration and production the refining, marketing and supply of petroleum products and the manufacturing and marketing of chemicals. It supports all its production linees with graduate(prenominal) quality look and technology (Company History, N.D.para3). External EnvironmentEconomic Trends knowledge is might and the more(prenominal) awargon you are of trends within the economy, the more successful you entrust ultimately be. BP is just one of many companies in the fossil oil and brag industry making an impact on environmental trends. A common goal amongst competitors within this industry is to locate oil and bring it to consumers, due to some of the economical trends this goal is in like manner shifting. The economy is more favorable to trim gun for hire prices, lower coke emissions, and force out efficiency. Companies within this industry cave in to parallelism the ineluctably of culture and the needs of the economy while trying to protect the environment.BP has two main commonwealths of operation, one being the exploration and production of oil and the other being refining and marketing (BP,PLC(BP), N.D.para1) Currently BP like many others in the industry are focal pointing on slipway to lower carbon emissions, and purpose rude(a) resources of low-carbon heftiness. One of the ways BP is servicinging bring these goals and trends into fruition is the utilization of shale oil. Sh ale oil resources are being discovered allthroughout the get together States. Shale oil has helped lower gas prices (Oil and Gas,2013.,para3). BP recently purchased Chesapeake Energy Corps position in the Woodford Shale-gas play in Oklahoma for 1.75 one million million million with this purchase they potty continue into shale gas and are hoping to add 200 million cubic feet into production (Major Oil, Meet Shale. 2008,para2)According to BP they are taking various steps in decision ways to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide emissions. One of the ways BP is trim carbon dioxide emissions is through solar energy, since solar power is carbon unaffectionate. BP is one of the worlds confidential information companies within the solar industry, offering various products for consumers homes and vexationes. BP recently started working with Home Depot to offer solar lighting. BP is also focusing on roll in the haycel gas, which is making up about 40% of BPs Portfolio and they are con tinuing to expand to areas that have a high frontency on carbon, such(prenominal) as the United States, Mexico, and parts of Korea. Wind farms are also sparking debate as BP is looking to expand into this area as well to offer carbon free electricity (What Is BP Doing. N.D.para 23-27).A nonher economic trend that affects BP as well as the gas and oil industry as a whole is interests swans, ex tack rates, and the rate of inflation. There are many factors to consider when looking at the relationship between these rates and gas prices. For example, if these rates were to be raised it would affect the consumers and the manufacturing embodys, which would lower the amount of time and money people spend driving, creating less demand for oil, causing the prices to drop. The resembling would work if the rates lowered, establishing an influx for consumers, which would result in more traveling and higher(prenominal) demand for gas, causing the price to rise (Parry,P.,2013.Para4). Politic al/ LegalThere are some(prenominal) factors in the oil and gas markets that are affected by politics and legalities. One of the main factors is political unrest in the Middle East. The ongoing efforts in Iraq and Afghanistan have driven the flatulence prices to incomparable highs. More recently the civil war attacks in Syria are causing problems with break upment of Iraqs gas and oil supplies. The Syrian forces have foc hired these attacks on the energy sector in anattempt to take away their wealth since oil is main revenue. Due to this focus the attacks have been primarily on oil export pipelines, power generation and transmissions. Luckily, most of the attacks are not occurring in the southern parts of Iraq where the largest supplies of oils are found (Iraq Syria War Spillover Hinders Oilfields, crinkles.2014.para3-4).Oil spills into the oceans are a major factor on the politics side of the oil and gas industries. One of the major spills by BPs Deepwater Horizon drill in 2010 , not only in additionk its toll on the smart set and the industry, but tourism, wildlife, and beaches were all heavily affected in the Gulf areas. Due to the Deepwater Horizon tragedy BP is on a five-year probationary period, and there are new safety measures being implemented across the industry, there are new training procedure, risk management processes and equipment (BP gets al-Quran fine for Deepwater Horion, 2012.para2). DemographicsDemographics refer to a familiaritys consumers as well as employees. The oil and gas industry consumer base can be colligate to just about everyone, with the retail aspect of the gas station including gum, drinks, snacks, etc. Gasoline in general is targeted to people that are of age to purchase gasoline generally public over the age of 16, which is the legal driving age.According to the BP website they offer careers in various fields such as business infrastructure, commercial, engineering, operations, gross revenue and support, and technol ogy just to name a few. BP has employees in Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Asia and North and South America (Career argonas.N.D). Employee talent within the oil and gas industry can impose a problem industry wide. Since training employees in these fields can be very damagely, it is expensive to train new employees, and industry leadership generally offer top level pay and incentive packages to retain their employees. (Vogt,C. ND.Talent Retention in the Oil & Gas Industry.para1) Technological TrendsTechnology is the heart focus of all companies within the gas and oil industries. Technology affects every matter from safety operations, locating resources, and transfering products to lower-carbon products. The main focus of technology within BP is safety, and has been since the Deepwater Horizon drill spilled 4.9million barrels of oil into the water of the Gulf of Mexico killing 11 men (BP gets record fine for Deepwater Horizon,2012. Para2).Due to Global warming BP on with their competitors are searching for ways to downplay greenhouse gas emissions. Carbon Capture is a popular method amongst the companies in this industry. Carbon Capture focuses on capturing waste carbon dioxide from sources such as fossil fuel power plants that have an excess of waste. Once the carbon waste has been captured it is transported to storage sites to be released where it cannot re-enter and damage the atmosphere (Sadler, T., 2013.para7).The Keystone Pipeline is other way technology can help the United States achieve energy and independence. The Keystone Pipeline will run from Alberta, Canada down through the middle west United States ending in Texas. The Keystone Pipeline project has the goal to prove all oil produces in the US access to oil refineries, which in the long run would cut out the Middle East as our biggest supplier (Kalen, S.2012.para2.). Socio/CulturalThere are several social and cultural impacts on the oil and gas industry. The main factor is the rising dome stic energy prices. Gasoline prices are high resulting in the consumer paying more for gas, in form reducing the amount of money available for other consumption, meaning people are driving less (McKillop,A.2012.para1).Another factor is government assistance with fuel bills. There are numerous resources to provide help with electric and heating bills, these political platforms are provided on the federal and state levels for most of the United States. These programs help suppliers such as BP to chance payment for the functions, instead of uncollected bills. The natural depression Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) receives funding from the Federal Department ofHealth and tender Services (DHHS). There are several sources available such as weatherization assistance program and the home energy assistance program (HEAP). Although most of these programs receive funding from the state and federal government, there are not enough sources for everyone who needs them. Global BP is an international society specializing in the oil and gas industry. BP no longer just deals with oil and gas as shown by their main business activities which include the exploration and production, refining and marketing and the distribution of energy as well as BP alternative energy. BP is ranked in the top tier of the their competitors such as Exxon, Anadarko, Chevron, Conoco Philips and Shell. Within this industry BP owns several labels as well including, Castrol, Arco, Aral, AM/PM and Wild Bean Caf (Our Brands.N.D.para1).BP is the third largest publically traded oil smart set ranking behind two of its major competitors Exxon and Shell. BP is the largest gas producer in the United States with fifteen processing plants they are also considered a top refiner (BP at a glance.2013.para1). Porters Five ForcesBarriers to EntryThe Barrier to Entry level for the oil and gas industry is high. The oil and gas industry is very difficult to enter just because of the start up costs alo ne. Some of these start up cost would be the drills, trucks, gas station locations, employees and the technology use to locate the resources in the ground or the oceans. Entering into the industry as a specialist such as offering drilling services to the major companies is more common and feasible. The major barrier to entry into this industry is funding, the majority of companies within this industry have been around for a very long time, such as BP, which was established in 1909. Brand loyalty is a huge factor in high barrier entry, since most of these large companies have a loyal client base. BP is a very well established company and has been building their large customer base for decades. As defined by Hill and Jones brand loyalty is a consumer preference for products by a certain company (Hill, C., Jones, G. 2012pg58.para2) Suppliers Bar pissing proponentThe bar sacking power of suppliers is the superpower suppliers have to raise input prices or to raise the cost of the indus try. In BP and the oil and gas industry the suppliers bargaining power is high, because there are realistically no substitutes of the product (Hill, C., 2012pg65.para2). There are a variety of oil and gas companies globally, still a few companies hulk the industry BP, Shell, Exxon, etc. Buyers Bargaining PowerAccording to Hill and Jones the bargaining power of byers is their ability to negotiate lower prices charged by companies within an industry. They also can raise costs by demanding better services and higher quality products (Hill. C. Jones., G. 2012.page63-64). Right now in the oil and gas industry the repose of power is resting in the hands of the buyer because of economic crisis and oversupply of product. Since oil is considered a commodity and generally all companies within the industry use the same methods for drilling, the buyer is able to seek the lower prices and more rewarding contracts. Substitute Product ThreatsSubstitute product threats include the products provi ded by companies or industries as a whole that can meet the needs of customers. The oil and gas industry does not just mean fuel to run our vehicles, which would mean substitutes would include fuels such as gas, coal solar and wind power, nuclear energy and hydroelectricity. Although there are many areas concerning oil and gas, the threat of substitute products are low, there rattling are no other sources to compare. CompetitionThe companies in the oil and gas industry operate in a consolidated industry, where the industry is dominated by a small number of companies. BPs biggest competitors are Exxon, Anadarko, Chevron, and Phillips anytime any of these companies work up a move within the industry it warrants a response movement from its competitors. The competitions of the oil and gas industry have high exit barriers, because the demand for the product is static due to the face that all refineries can do the same thing. produce and refine products. Firms StrategiesBusiness Strate gyAccording to Hill and Jones the business level strategy encompasses the businesses overall competitive theme, the way it positions itself in the marketplace to gain a competitive payoff and the different positions strategies that can be utilise in different industry settings, for example cost leadership, differentiation, focusing on a particular niche or segment of the industry or some combination of these (Hill, C., Jones, G., 2012 pg.10). According to BP they compete in both business to business and business to consumer markets with a customer base in over 70 countries. BP uses differentiation in several ways but the major use of this method was the use of technology to transform oil rigs to digital platforms.BP strives to ensure the best quality and safety standards, and also modified their safety standards later the Deepwater Horizon drill disaster in 2010. BP is considered a leader in the marketplace. They are ranked as the 6th largest company by market capitalization. (Fa cts and Figures.n.d.) has competitive prices with other companies in the industry, the prices as a whole usually are pretty even across the board and usually only fluctuate by a few cents. collective Level StrategyCorporate level strategy deals with what areas companies should be dealing with in order to maximize profitability (Hill,C 2012. Page10 para3). According to BP they try to create a platform for growth and increased value over long periods of time while continuing to grow and explore new venues. They will continue their research to develop top-level safety and risk management standards, and continue to develop technology to locate and access hydrocarbons and ways to properly extract them.BP will continue to make its presence in the industry known by exploring alternative energy, spending about one billion per year for this research. The current CEO of BP, Tony Hayward, stated at BPs annual strategy presentation that he would be surprised if we saw opportunities at the corp orate levelit is not something I am terribly foc utilize on (Crooks, E.2010 para12) Technology StrategyTechnology is at the center of everything BP does, it is used in safety precautions discovery, recovery, efficiency and low carbon in store(predicate) development. According to BP they employ over 500-safety and risk specialist working with managers in the field to help improve decision-making regarding standards (BP and Technology.N.D.para1). BP uses a technology called seismic imaging, which is at the headway of technology in the industry. Through the use of seismic imaging, sound waves are used to determine where oil reserves are in the ground. This procedure gives BP a major head start in discovering oil and gas and pinpointing where to drill. With a focus on a lower carbon future BPs main area of growth focusing on wind and biofuels because they have the most potential. Firms CompetencesTangible ResourcesBPs human resource management gives its employees opportunities to see many ways to excel within the company. Throughout their career human resource management personnel will benefit from a broad base of support and training. in-person support is also available through team leaders, mentors, and fellow employees. Among these employees BP also has teams of engineers developing new and safer means of creating energy. BP has employees that deal with safety measures within the company along with the environment. BPs employees will also act as an essential partner to the business. The employees will also work on real world projects helping the company tump over goals in improving organization and human capital resources. BPs physical resources were used during the spacious oil spill in 2010. The physical resources that were used during this time were mainly manpower. The man-power used were numerous employees, volunteers, and other organizations.Since the oil spill happened in the middle of the ocean, the toxins within the oil spread throughout the Gulf, along with making its way to the US. Over 30,000 people responded to this major oil spill working to collect oil, clean up beaches, take care of animals and plant life effected, and performed other various duties. Another physical resource that BP uses is the natural resource of oil and gases. BP is currently in the production TheChirag Oil Project. This project has started operations, increasing production from a giant oil field in the Azerbaijan sector of the Caspian Sea. Its major physical resource would have to be its massive oilrigs and pipelines. These rigs and pipelines help extract and transport the oil and gases that have been found and gathered. According to the NASDAQ Annual Income Statement, BP has gone up 29% since 2009 to 2012 in its Current Liquidity Ratio, and the Cash Liquidity Ratio has gone up about 12% from 2009 to 2012. The reason BPs liquidity ratio has risen the past historic period is due to the current liabilities. The companys income has lowered after the massive oil spill. The company has lost large amounts of income due to the spill by having to provide cleaning crews, settlements to the people affected by the spill, and the loss of business from consumers.The loss of consumers came due to the negative view of the company after the oil spill in the Gulf. Since, the Gulf oil spill, the company now stresses the importance of development without polluting the environment. Finding alternative forms of energy like solar and hydrogen is part of that vision. This development also brings in more funds to the research and development. The liability caps and the role they may have played in encouraging moral hazard. Just as bank deposits are guaranteed by government deposit insurance, and large banks themselves are probably to big to fail, liability for property damage from oil spills off US waters is limited to $75 million (plus cleanup costs), based on a 1990 law passed after the Exxon Valdiz spill. This presumably mitigates drillers ince ntives to manage environmental risk. Indeed, oil companies enjoy a very cozy relationship with their ostensible guardians as the NY time noted, decades of law and custom have joined government and the oil industry in the pursuit of petroleum and profit. The federal agency that oversees drilling, the Minerals Management Service, rakes $13 billion a year in fees in what amounts to a public-private partnership.The business benefits of applying a consistent approach to knowledge management have been significant. BP business managers attributed hundreds of millions of dollars of added value as a direct result of using this approach. A practical example of this has been in the cost reduction in the construction of European retail sites. At the beginning of 1998 a challenge is set of reducing the build costs of retail sites in Europe by 10%. The Alliance (a joint meditation between BP andBovis) is responsible for the management of these activities in Europe. The Alliance was engaged in the benefits of knowledge management and invited the BP KM Team to help them achieve this outcome. Step change in costs was delivered in 1998 (savings of $74 million) due to the harvesting and sharing of knowledge between the project engineers in Europe.This gave BP Downstream Retail competitive receipts in the Mature European Marketplace. Project engineers in Venezuela, China, Poland, and Japan are now also leveraging this knowledge on a global scale. convertible examples of increased performance have come from BPs KM application in speeding up business restructuring, developing new oil & gas fields, improving plant productivity and accelerating new retail market entry. Intangible ResourcesBP has a negative reputation among consumers and other people throughout the world. Due to the massive oil spill and the company almost going bankrupt, its CEO and board of directors have tried to bring a more commanding look to the company, by searching for new forms of clean energy. The comp any has always been known for its big production of oil for numerous countries worldwide. Since the oil spill the company has been implementing a higher and more intense safety standard. Although, BP has a negative reputation, it has a well-known name in the oil and energy business. Some may think that BP is too large to fail due its name and some government backing and funding. BP has been in the oil industry since 1909, starting out drilling in Persia. on with BP having the largest pipeline in the world has brought solar power to remote villages in the Philippines due the hard work of its employees.BP has used technology throughout its business to storage area up with the changing times and the demand for fuel and energy. It has scientist finding new forms of low-carbon energy while reducing BPs own contributions to carbon in the atmosphere. downstairs this new banner BP took bigger and bigger steps towards addressing climate change. It installed solar panels at its service sta tions, brought solar power to remote villages in the Philippines, helped bring hydrogen-fuelled buses to London and introduced new, cleaner types of motor fuel. It created a unit, BP Alternative Energy, devoted to making from all the various types of low-carbon energy viable, large-scale and profitable business. These low-carbon energy sources are solar, wind, natural gas, and biofuels. along with these new low-carbonenergy sources being made, BP has also unveiled a new way of extracting oil, producing more oil and extending the life span of its oilrigs.The new technology would be beneficial for oilfields worldwide. The company is using new technology everyday as they find new and safer ways to create energy extract, and store oil. The company has used innovations to help with its image in the public eye. They have begun turning used oil and gathered oil from the massive spill to asphalt to be used on roads. Proof-of-concept testing confirmed that the product could meet technical re quirements. BP worked with transportation and environmental ordaineds from several states to conduct tests on using the material for highway pavement projects. Along with the reuse of oil to asphalt, there has been a movement in the restoration of the Gulf Coast with hard and soft containment booms as well as segregated plastics also were gathered in staging areas along affected area and then sent to waste-to-energy facilities or recycled into new plastic products. One program developed during the Deepwater Horizon adventure resulted in routing skimmed fluids to oil reclamation facilities. The fluids were then sent through a recovery process, which was able to reclaim and convert some of them into marketable petroleum products. Value-Added ChainBPs inbound logistics activities are comprised of a series of many pipelines, oil tankers, and other forms of transportation that move the extracted crude oil to refining plants worldwide. The companys massive global operations make effici ent and effective logistics that help keep the costs of transporting crude oil low. This efficient global network of transporting crude supply makes more cost advantage for BP in the long run. Light transport is BPs way of outward logistics as it utilizes its global networking to perform this logistic. The large supply and distribution logistics network allows BP to perform its light transport and distribution of refined oil with great efficiencies, which help in lowering costs for BP. By lowering the costs of transport of refined oil BP would be able to conduct more research and upgrading the low-carbon energy research. Also this would give the company bigger budget to expand its new technology for creating a safer drilling process.BPs main operation is refining crude oil brought in from throughout the world. The refining activities of thiscompany are distributed strategically around the world, with close proximity to its demand markets. With its refineries strategically placed BP has the ability to reach maximum efficient balances between its inbound and its outbound logistics. BP positions its refineries to have proximity to their oil and gas fields while also being to those energy markets. The company markets its oil and gas through its vast global retail network, which is made up of mainly its BP Service Stations. BP has excelled in sales due to its advertising tug by using the latest social media and television commercials.Another form of advertising many people have seen from BP is though the news stations, by doing positive actions BP is making a better name for itself, which markets BPs commitment to sustainability and cleanliness in the biotic area in spite of its past failures. The company has rebranded itself as to come forward more-green friendly in todays energy market. It has went as far changing its name from British Petroleum to BP, by which inferring but not stating it stands for beyond Petroleum. This campaign includes a new look that ass erts the company commitment to sustainability. The advertised commitment to sustainability and green energy has created a competitive advantage for BP. private-enterprise(a) Advantage FactorsIf it is these resources and capabilities, in all their various forms, that create the potential for competitive advantage, the question about how they can actually create it remains. The initial answer is that they moldiness be developed, coordinated and then deployed in such a way that the company can provide goods or services more economically than others or be able to satisfy customers needs and wants better than rivals, the ideal being a combination of the two. Whether such competitive advantage yields good profit streams, however depends on a second set of judgments and decisions. The actual products/services to be provided are the nature and size of the customer market chosen, and the competitive nature of that marketplace. The ability to repeatedly get this right is another set of capab ilities. If this is done correctly, the ensuing competitive advantage and its profit stream may not be sustainable. Competitors, importunate to share in the profitable opportunity, the company has uncovered will seek to follow suit.BP has two basic ways of doing this, either directly imitating the product/service or by providing a good/better alternative. In the product/market arena thereare myriad ways of achieving this. Products may be reverse-engineered to discover their component parts and how they were made. Service delivery can be sampled repeatedly until the key elements are identified, and then replicated. Marketing expenditure can be matched, alternative distribution channels found. Even in-company resources and capabilities can be readily emulated or copied. Good competitor analysis can rapidly identify anything from new installed IT systems to specialist machine tools that have provided a competitive edge.It can uncover new sales or marketing techniques, component sourc ing arrangements, specialized service training, supplier partnerships, outsourcing deals and even which alliances or joint ventures are providing new knowledge. All provide keys to imitation or substitution. Widespread recognition of this has led many companies to despair of achieving sustainable competitive advantage. For example, during the 1980s, many financial institutions spent billions on IT systems that would give them a market edge, only to watch rivals buy better, newer, faster equipment that negated any brief advantage they had. In the 1990s, retailers launched credit and loyalty cards to build marketing databases, only to watch rivals do the same. Each apparent advantage quickly turns into just another entry ticket to play in the game. SWOT AnalysisA SWOT analysis of BP will show their strengths, weakness, opportunities, and threats. BP is one of the largest vertically integrated oil and gas companies in the world (Research and Markets, 2010A). They are localizeing milli ons in research and development. Times and demand are changing, more and more consumers are going green, and to deterrent in competition with other companies they need to come up with something different. In 2010, BP is the company behind the Gulf of Mexico oil spill. Because of this crisis the company needed to do something to gain the peoples trust. In the past BP has made serious communication mistakes with its stakeholders. BPs crisis communication was a weak link in its crisis management strategy (Valvi & Fragkos, 2013). StrengthsThe strength of the company comes from demand, marketing, brand, and research and development. The companys operations primarily include the exploration and production of gas and crude oil, as well as the marketingand trade of natural gas, power, and natural gas liquids (Research and Markets, 2010B). BP is ranked at the worlds 3rd largest energy company and is positioned as a multinational oil company headquartered in London (Essay UK, 2013A)Since 20 12 BP will have invested $500 million into marketing in the US in an attempt to revamp its brand (Bhasin, 1012, para 1)As I sit here watching the 2014 winter Olympics, I have seen several commercials about BP partnering with the United States, part of its marketing campaign.BP is the number one principal vertically integrated company, involved in upstream, midstream and downstream oil businesses (Bp, plc swot analysis, 2013, pg.5). BP upstream technology programs, involves investing in incremental improvements and new technology that can transform the industry. The new technology will strengthen in exploration, deepwater, giant fields, and gas value chains (Our major technology, N.D, para1). umpteen people today are concerning themselves with the environment. BP is developing alternative energy, including solar. BP has invested in solar, wind, and biofuel power, trying to provide power without harming the environment (Hitchcock, 2012). Because of upstream technology flagships, BP has been able to maximize resources, increase recovery rates real-time data technologies are enabling safety, reliability and efficiency across operations (Our major technology, N.D., para2). The company began construction of a new high-performance computing (HPC) center in Houston (Bp,plc swot analysis, 2013, pg.4).BP was awarded a contract to unlock high pressure oil and gas resources in deep water, and planned on investing $ cytosine million over 10 years to set up the International Center for Advanced Materials (ICAM) to fund research into fundamental understanding and use of go materials, from self-healing coatings to membranes, across the energy industry The advantages that BP has with being a vertically integrated businesses allows them completive advantage from other companies in the global oil market, It provides control over the complete value chain, enabling the company to produce products which are used at different stages in the value chain (Bp,plc swot analysis, 201 3,pg.5). WeaknessBetween the years 1965 and 2010 BP has spent millions from the many problems endured ranging from oil rigs capsizing, hazardous substance dumping, refinery explosion, corrosion in pipelines resulting in insulating agent leakage propane price manipulation, North sea helicopter accident, and in the long run Deepwater Horizon well explosion (Andrews, 2010). From these problems many died, while others were injured.The Deepwater Horizon well explosion was the worst. Congress accused the company of withholding data from the ocean ditch and blocking efforts by independent scientists to com up with estimates of crude flowing into the Gulf each day. The US government has named BP as the responsible party for this incident (Andrews, 2010, pg. 20). In November 2012, BP reached an agreement with the US government to pay $4 billion to resolve all federal criminal claims arising out of the Gulf of Mexico incident, leaving BP with a bad reputation, burdened cash flow, which coul d impede its ability to invest in new opportunities, and deliver long-term growth (Bp,plc swot analysis, 2013, pg.6).The company has experienced a decline in profits. FY2012 recorded operational profit was $19,733 million, a decrease of 50.4% compared to FY2011. The net profit was $11,582 million, a decrease of 54% compared to FY2011. The decrease in the operating and net profits of the company affected the overall profitability of the company (Bp,plc swot analysis, 2013, pg.7).You would think this was the straw that broke the camels back. Not only did it affect the company but it also compacted several states. How would BP ever recover? They will be paying for many years to come. OpportunitiesBP has been disposing many of its assets to concentrate more on its strengths. So far they have sold $38bn worth of assets since the Deepwater Horizon catastrophe, and plan to sell of approximately $10bn more of assets by the end of next year (BBC News, 2014 para 17 & 19). BP has several exte rnal opportunities, including by acquisition in the North Sea area, BPsfuture profit by acting in the suitable boundaries area in the Russia region, implement plan to achieve alternative energy methods insist of Hydrogen, natural gas, wind and solar coronation (Nhid, 2011, pg. 9A). Not to mention numerous investments. ThreatsMany of BPs threats are external, mainly from the Deepwater Horizon reputation, other threats are environmental activist, legal and political issues, which will increase the cost of operations for the company investment (Nhid, 2011, pg. 9B), and ethics.The oil, gas, and petrochemicals industry is highly competitive. High competition puts pressure on accessing new opportunities, license costs, and product prices, affects oil products marketing, and requires continuous management focus on reducing unit costs and improving efficiency, while ensuring safety and operational risk is not compromised. The implementation of group strategy requires continued technologica l advances and innovation including advances in exploration, production, refining, and petrochemicals manufacturing technology (Bp,plc swot analysis, 2013, pg.9). ConclusionIn conclusion, BP start up company was British Petroleum, providing gas and oil. The company is evolving with research and development in other avenues. BP has had its ups and downs in the company, the latest being Deepwater Horizon oil spill. From this catastrophe they needed to take a step back and look at things in a new light Through all of this they are ranked number six among other global companies specializing in oil and gas, the third largest publically traded oil company, the worlds third largest energy company, and the number one leading vertically integrated company, who employs over 80 thousand people. Since the cost of training top-level employees is expensive, BP offers an attractive incentive package to keep them with the company. As gas prices soar, and transportation changing the company needs to also change with the demand. BP is in the process of finding new resources of low- carbon energy to lower carbon emission. BP is one of the worlds leading companies within the solar industry, working with Home Depot offering solar lighting. Within the industry BP owns several labels.BP doesnt have an official mission dictation, but provides several different statements called what we do, What we stand for & What we value (Mission statement of, 2013 para 1) What we do We find, develop and produce essential sources of energy. We turn these sources into products that people need everywhere. The world needs energy and this need is growing. This energy will be in many forms. It is, and will always be, vital for people and progress everywhere. We expect to be held to high standards in what we do. We strive to be a safety leader in our industry, a world-class operator, a good corporate citizen and a great employer.We are BP. What we stand for Above everything, that starts with safety and excellence in our operations. This is fundamental to our success. Our approach is reinforced on respect, being consistent and having the courage to do the right thing. We believe success comes from the energy of our people. We have a determination to learn and to do things better. We depend upon developing and deploying the best technology, and building long-lasting relationships. We are committed to making a real difference in providing the energy the world needs today, and in the changing world of tomorrow. We work as one team. We are BP. What we valueSafetyRespectExcellenceCourageOne Team (Mission statement of, 2013 para 2-4)With the amount of money the Deepwater Horizon disaster costs the company, BP had to figure out how they were going to survive. Through SWOT analysis, and research and development they are coming up with ways to help the future grow the company.Recommended Strategic ActionPeople in the U.S. who werent aware of BP, before 2010, their brand became well known after the Deepwater oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. It left BP with a bad reputation. BP needs to continue to re-build their image. Although there are many environmental challenges, BP is adapting to theneeds of a more sustainable society, wanting to be an energy company, rather than an oil company, they need to continue to keep the consumer in mind. BP R & D team continues to come up with new ideas and ways to improve the environment by providing solar, and wind energy, hydrogen, and natural gas. They have sold many assets, continue to sell more, and invest in various projects, they may want to look donating to private organizations to help communities. In their mission, BP claims they value safety they need to use scenarios before starting a project with safety top priority.ReferenceAndrews, P. (2010). Bp where did it all go wrong?. Andrews UK AUK New Authors. BBC News. (2014, February 4). Bp boss warns of uncertainties due to scottish vote . Retrieved from http//www.bbc.co.uk/ne ws/businessBhasin, K. (1012, February 3). Silverpop official site. 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Retrived fr om www.money.cnn.com/magazines/ slew/global500/2013/snapshots/6327.htmlCompany History.n.d.Company History. Retrieved by February9,2014. www.bp.com/sectiongenericarticle.do?CategoryId=6120002&contentId=6000555Competitive advantage factors- http//prezi.com/vbkiw9bb5kpw/bp-case-analysis/communication strategiesa case of british petroleum. Industrial and Commercial Training, 45(7), 383-391. Retrieved from ww.emeraldinsight.com/pricelist/us/uspriceCrooks,E.(2010,March) Bps strategy presentation growth, cost cuts, biofuels, M&A and more. Retrieved from blogs.ft.com/energy-source/2010/03/02/bps-strategy-presentation-growth-cost-cuts-biofuels-ma-and-more/axzz2sb5ot8UyDarbonne,N.(2008).Major Oil, Meet Shale.Oil and Gas Investor,2008(8),11. Essay UK. (2013). British petroleum (bp) swot analysis. Retrieved from www.essay.uk.com Financial ratio-http//www.nasdaq.com/symbol/bp/financials?query=ratios Frank,D., Neault, N., Skalicky, A., Cook, J., Wilson, J., Levenson, S.,& Berkowitz, C., (2006).H eat or Eat the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program and nutritional and health risks among children less than 3 years of age. Pediatrics, 118(5),e1293-302.Hill,C., Jones, G. (2012) Essentials of Strategic Management.3Ed. 58-66 Hitchcock, P. (2012). Everythings gone green The environment of bps narrative. Imaginations Journal, 3(2), 104-114. Retrieved from www.csj.ualberta.ca/imaginationsHuman resources-http//www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/careers.htmlInnovation- http//www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/gulf-of-mexico-restoration.html IraqSyria War Spillover Hinders Oilfields,Pipelines.2013. Retrieved by January30,2014. www.voanews.com/content/iraq-ofifical-sassyria-war-spillover-hinders-oilfields-pipelines/1839415.htmlKalen,S. (2012). Thirst for Oil and the Keystone XL Pipeline. Creighton fairness Review, 46(1),1-25 logistics inbound-http//www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/about-bp/company-information/our-business-model.htmlManagement philosophies-http//www.bp.com/en/global/corporate /about-bp/company-information/our-business-model.htmlMarketing and sales- http//www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/careers.htmlMcKillop,A. (2012). Oil Prices and Economic Growth Are Oil Shocks a Thing of the Past?. Energy and Environment, 23(8),1353-1356. Mission statement of bp. (2013). Retrieved from wwwstrategicmanagementinsight.comNhid, M. P. (2011, 2 28). Bp market analysis and strategic marketing recommendations. Retrieved from www.academia.eduOil and Gas.2013.QFinance.retrieved by January 27,2014. www.qfinance.com/sector-profiles/oil-and-gasoperations- http//www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/about-bp/company-information/our-business-model.htmlOrganizational resources-http//www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/about-bp/company-information/our-business-model.htmlOur Brands.(n.d).Different Personalities, One Purpose. Retrieved from January26,2014. www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/about-bp/our-brands.htmlOur major technology programs. (N.D). Retrieved from BP.comOutbound logistics-http//www.bp. com/en/global/corporate/about-bp/company-information/our-business-model.html http//prezi.com/vbkiw9bb5kpw/bp-case-analysis/Physical resources-http//www.dosomething.org/tipsandtools/11-facts-about-bp-oil-spillReputation-http//www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/about-bp.htmlResearch and Markets. (2010). P plc swot analysisi. Retrieved from researchandmarkets.com Sadler,T.(2013). Carbon Capture and a commercial Market for CO. International Advances in Economic Research, 19(2),189-200.doi10.1007/s11294-013-9401-8Technology-http//www.bp.comglobal/corporate/about-bp/bp-and-technology.html http//www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-north-east-orkney-shetland-19497064What is BP Doing.n.d.Retrived by January28,2014. www.bp.com/sectiongenericarticle.do?categoryId=9011364&contentId=7025801Vogt, Crystal. Talent Retention in the Oil&Gas Industry Retrieved from smallbusiness.chron.com/talent-retention-oil-gas-industry-14645.html-TalentRetentionintheOil&GasIndustry/chron.com

Cause and Effect on World War 1

Cause and Effect on World War 1 World War One, a huge conflict that sparked in 1914 and pertinacious all the way until 1918. The war was between the worlds undischargedest powers as two opposing sides the Central Powers and the Allies. It was a chain of events that had started this was which consist of make out features such as imperialism, alliances, growth of militarism, crisis, and nationalism. It was the result of these accumulating factors that had eventually evoked war. The do on World War One included over 8 one million million deaths, higher taxes, rationing of food, and etc.Imperialist is considered a primary realise of war. With Europes growing economy and wealth, rivalries and competition for colonies among European nations were more accepted which ultimately conduct to unrest. Before the war, Europe was growing prosperity and peace. By 1900s European powers were in control of most African, Asian, and other continents, showing strong ideas of imperialism. While imp erialism showcased European strength it also revealed its dependency. Each countrys prosperity hinged on its ability to maintain and expand its colonial empire.This has created competition among imperialist powers for foreign territory. The British felt endangered by Germanys fast economic growth. Quickly after that, Germanys virgin modern factories largely out produced Britains older ones. This was a strong economic reason for Britain to oppose Germany in any disagreement. Territiorial disputes was also an ongoing problem with European countries as the leasders wanted more buck and didnt know who owned land was being taken all the times. Imperialism also divided European nations.Now on to the causes that make a difference or that was important with WW1. What exactly were the causes of World War 1? Sounds like a simple straight to the point question, but its definitely not. It was more to what conceive of was the whole cause of World War 1, more than the start of the war than an Austrian prince being murdered in Serbia. Causes of the war also dealt with nationalism, imperialism, and militarism along with the alliance systems in Europe all strongly affected the outbreak of the war. All of these factors where established in many of Europes large(p) Powers which consisted ofGreat Britain, France, Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia. The main cause focused on what I stated above, in the previous sentences. The causes of World War 1 include a growing sense of militarism, which was accompanied by arms race, and imperialism. Imperialism as economic rivalries and competition for colonies among European nations were prevalent. What were the effects on World War 1? This war had a few effects on America society, though the war instigated problems, causing n effect that is negative on the American home front. Americans experienced a lot of problems, like the tapered of our rights and the war caused a patriotic sense to America that got to the point where people wer e discriminating people from other backgrounds. Also, from many soldiers drafted to war more job opportunities were available. though this seemed like a good thing, negative effects came out of it The war itself left an everlasting impact. After this was women were gaining more rights. They were gaining rights such as voting and inner equality.The male dominance patriarchal ideas werent so strong anymore. The United States entered the war with the mindset of being neutral and isolated. Russia left the war allowing them to deal with the conflicts. The effects of the war included over 8. 5 million deaths, rationing of food and other products, higher taxes, famine, and propaganda war. This war cost billions of dollars and tons of lives. It brought Japan up to Great Power status, which fueled their ambitions in the Far East. It reinforced the American strain of isolationism which led to the Great Depression. War reparations and the harsh peace settlement on Germany made conditions rip e to bring Hitler and the Nazis to power, and the war was the straw that broke the back of the Russian monarchy which allowed the Russian Communists to take power (europeanhistory). The economic and political effects were so great that World War 1 marks the start of a modern era. With all the effects that took place with World War 1, it then started a new war that lead to World War 2, The Cold War. Works Cited Nash, Gary B. , Julie Roy. Jeffrey, and Allen Yarnell. The American People Creating a Nation and a Society. New York Harper & Row, 1986. Print.

Informative Essay About Cancer

Cancer is a word that no one wants to hear or think about, stock-still there be many volume that are faced with this ugly word every day. The denotative definition of send wordcer is a malignant and incursive growth or tumor, especi wholey one originating in epithelium, tending to recur after excision and to metastasize to other sites. To many Americans cancer is so a great deal more than this definition, it is estimated that 1,638,910 men and women will be diagnosed with cancer in 2012 according to the national cancer institute.When someone is diagnosed with cancer it affects many aspects in their life such(prenominal)(prenominal) as physical health, psychogenic health, and emotional health. Cancer affects a souls physical health tremulously. Depending on if a person does any reference of treatment or not will directly affect how much a person physical health is affected. People who have survived this horrid complaint have long term physical disabilities. Men and women may become infertile this means they are unable to have children of their own.A person who has or is a survivor of cancer is very fatigue. The tiredness comes from the exhaustion of going through the processes of medical treatment, in and out of doctors offices and the body being wispy due to the sickness. Cancer causes other diseases such as heart disease or lung disease, lymph edema, osteoporosis, depression, and second cancers(Lance Armstrong foundation p5). A persons body can only take so much before it just shuts down and stops fighting for life.Cancer takes a huge toll on a person physically sometimes the body cannot handle it and stops working. Mental health is very important to maintain especially when diagnosed with a ghastly disease such as cancer. Cancer affects a persons mental health a great deal. A person suffering from cancer may too suffer from depression. The depression that they are encountering may not have anything to do with their cancer. It could be that they a re depressed for outside reasons such as loss of a loved one (WFMH. p2).Their depression could very much so be related to their cancer, no one is thrilled to hear they have a disease that takes peoples lives every day. The fact that a person has cancer could very well put them in a depressed state. Another mental hazard that is directly caused by having cancer is anxiety. Cancer is a word that gets people very anxious anxious to know whats going to obtain how did this happen what to do ect mental health is necessary to have when dealing with a life changing disease, most people cannot keep their notch level enough to stay in a sane mind set.Cancer has the most affect on the emotional health. Cancer not only affects the enduring directly but also friends and family. From an emotional stand point cancer is the worst thing that could happen to a person. It is a disease that is packed with emotions and feeling. Those who are diagnosed with this disease are mostly flabbergasted with p ain of the heart and disbelief. The patients often think what will happen to them and how are they going to get through this terrible disease.Family and friends are affected because they have to watch their loved one go through this hardship. When I interviewed Kelly Mitchell about her Aunt Deena dying from cancer she said The hardest firearm for me was to watch my aunt go from such a strong women in every way to a brittle little lady who had lost all hope of getting better, I really believe that if she had maintained good emotional health she would have lived a lot longer or peradventure even beat it. Emotionally no one is ready to die or hear that they have a life threatening disease. Most peoples natural reaction would not be to keep a positive mind set. Cancer is such a negative word and creates a lot of emotions. How can one disease affect so many in so many ways? A person who is diagnosed with cancer call for to maintain a positive attitude because it is going to drain the m of their mental physical and emotional health.

Hazing in Universities

Hazing in universities across the nation has locomote an increasingly parlous ritual that is evidently enough more difficult to put an end to due to its development into an electron tube activity. Though a regular activity in the seventies, hazing, a affirmable dangerous act of facility to a radical, has now become an activity that is banned in thirty-nine states (Wagner 16). However, this ritual has not been stopped or become slight severe. In fact it is sympathisemly more dangerous.Since it has been banned, with many colleges imposing their own penalties against those participating in it, many fraternities and sororities arouse pursued this activity in an underground fashion. Since these groups have g one underground, some dupes of these rituals have been injured and subsequently died. This is due to the hazers not seeking medical treatment for the victims, for fear that they whitethorn be fined or charged by police or campus authorities. One estimate states that at le ast sixty-five students have died between the years of 1978 and 1996 from beatings and stress inflicted during familiarity cosmos rites (Greek 26).Hazing has been defined in the Pennsylvania Hazing Law as any action or situation which recklessly or intentionally endangers the moral or sensible safety of a student or which destroys or removes overt or private property for the purpose of initiation or door into or affiliation with, or as a condition for continued membership in, any organization operating under the sanction of or know as an organization by an institution of higher education.The term shall include, but not be limited to, any brutality of a physical nature, such as whipping, beating, branding, forced calisthenics, exposure to the elements, forced consumption of any food, liquor, drug, or other substance, or any forced physical activity which could adversely come to the physical wellness and safety of the individual, and shall include any activity which would ex it the individual to extreme rational stress, such as sleep deprivation, forced elimination from loving contact, forced conduct which could result in extreme embarrassment, or any other forced activity which could adversely affect the mental health or dignity of the individual(Pennsylvania Hazing Law 1). The importance of this hazing situation is the fact that people ar cosmos injured, both(prenominal) physically and mentally, causing termination or livinglong trauma.Though it may seem like an easy to control situation, the truth is that it is not easy at all. The only times that these groups, who subject individuals to hazing activities, are caught or penalized is after the damage done to an individual is so horrible as to result in death or hospitalization. The act of hazing may incorporate of something as subtle as a engage, one who is trying to become a part of the group, having to answer phones at a conjunction can to extreme hazing such as being severely beat wit h paddles or even bricks. Since hazing takes many forms, it is hard for the public to realize that these pledges are rattling being harmed.It is especially hard to see the mental abuse aspect of this situation. At times, pledges may be forced to wear humiliating items such as frump collars or diapers. It may look like an innocent prank, and may actually seem humorous, but stunts like this contribute deeply affect a person emotionally (Scleifer 42). Hazers in Greek societies have also been known to play the buzz-saw game in which a chainsaw is held inches away from a pledge until he/she screams in terror. This practice is used to instill respect, in the form of extreme fear, into the pledges (The Persistent Madness of Greek Hazing 14). Physical hazing, however, is where the most life hard riddles are occurring.With groups such as Omega Psi Phi of the University of Florida, who whacked its inductees in the heads with boards, beat them with fists, and hit them with bricks, one ca n only expect ruinous results. For example, in 1993, the members of Omega Psi Phi beat Joseph J. Snell, a junior at the University of Maryland with such objects as a hammer, a horsehair whip, a broken president leg, and a brush. Later, Snell was forced to place a space heater next to his face be scram the group said that his skin was not black enough. Snell was hospitalized due to the incident. He remained fright and despondent after his release. He had even called a suicide hotline because of the mental anguish that was caused (Former Student Wins $375,000 23).The hurt and confusion of a victim of mental and physical hazing can remain for years after the abuse. Yet, even after all the abuse, members of these organizations continue to feel that because they had to suffer finished this act of initiation to make it into the group, their successors must also be fall subject to these activities. Naturally, people trust and need to be accepted. This is why an individual exit go al ong with the hazing activities. Valerie Eastman, a behavioral science professor at Drury College in Springfield, MO, states You know youre a reasonable person and you just went through this nasty, unpleasant ritual, so you hark back the group must have been worth it. You try to justify it (Wagner 16).Though some members in a fraternity or sorority may be against what is occurrent to these individuals, the codes of secrecy and brotherhood/sisterhood are so strong that they fear to break them and come forward to report these acts (Ruffins 18). Lydia Bradley, a strong counselor-at-law of anti-hazing laws and subject area speaker for placement of these laws, has interviewed students almost the act of hazing in college. She reports, Im told that hazing unifies a group, that it is a rite-of-passage, that it builds brotherhood, that it is a tradition, or, the worst reason of all, that I went through it(Bradley 1). It is this figure of attitude that hinders the expulsion of the hazin g activities. We, as the public, are limited, both in our knowledge of what truly retrieves in these groups and the ability to stop it, by not in person becoming a member of them.Though some of the fraternities that have been suspended for acting against these anti-hazing laws, they continue to operate underground and make no effort to reassign their behavior according to Stocktons Director of Student Development, Tom ODonnell (Kempert 12). As of yet, there are virtually no associations that actively monitor the actions of fraternities and sororities. They are believe to act in a responsible manner. As stated in Hank Nuwers Broken Pledges The Deadly Rite of Hazing, What possibly could be expect from a group of adolescents when you leave them alone to govern their own activities (Nuwer 34). One may parallel these activities to those expressed in William Goldings Lord of the Flies to what may happen when such adolescents are left unsupervised to run a members-only organization.Na tional Fraternities and sororities have neglected their parental responsibilities and have left pledging up to these adolescents. It is consequential that these actions are stopped by any reasonable means necessary. Since hazing has been a process that virtually all these members had been subject to, they will be reluctant to change. The paper of hazing has been position in their heads as a test to foster unity, to instill a whiz of membership, to throw out scholarship, and to build awareness of the specific chapters biography (Chenowith 20). Therefor, an election must be able to instill these exact qualities. Believers in the supposed benefits of hazing may be more likely to change their opinion if they can previse some preferences.In many cases, those who are most vocal against eliminating hazing are those who are bitter and angry about the hazing that they themselves endured, but dont want to eliminate this publicly. They expect others should be abused in order to gain tr ue membership in the group. In this case, specific programs should be complete to initiate the devastating effects of hazing. A new sanction reduction policy has been accomplished at Richard Stockton College of New Jersey to tackle some of the problems. The fraternities at this college that have been sanctioned for committing violations are now able to participate in a program that will possibly reduce their sanctions.This OPTIONS program offers students to take one of two four-credit elective courses The Psychology of Well Being, which explores principles of physical and mental health, or Alcohol 101, which teachers the dangerous effects of alcohol, especially those involved in college situations. Along with this, they had established a Greek self-study committee, through which a Greek Council was formed (Kempert 12).This will educate students about the dangers they are placing on the pledges and change their ways while go them the inducement of lowered sanctions at the same time. Incentives seem to be the best way to reach these organizations and hopefully it will subject them to the knowledge of what their actions may cause others. An alternative replacement to hazing activities would be another way to eliminate this problem. They could foster their unity in ways such as involving the whole group in a corporation charity.By asking the pledges to involve themselves in charities, or present the group with specific ideas for charitable work, would show the pledges sense of allegiance to the group, along with helping to show the public the goodness that can become of these groups (Crothers 50). Instead of making the pledges do chores or excessive exercise, why not promote scholarship by designating study hours.What better way to prove an organizations worthiness but by setting an example scholastically. These fraternities or sororities could bid leaders of the national groups or advisors to speak at a meeting instead of forcing these pledges to incessan tly recite names or worthless facts about the group they are pledging to. Many alternatives are out there one just has to have the strength to bring it to mention. Of course other solutions such as the hush-hush spies have been thought of.But, this would only seem to tear the organization apart and make them more careful in whom the choose as pledges, make them more dangerous and secretive in their activities, and less likely to help someone once they have been injured for fear of getting caught. A combining of incentives, alternatives, and a council to create a forum to discuss these alternatives to the hazing process is the most reasonable solution to this problem. Using otherwise sneaky tactics could only ontogeny the problem and drive it further underground. As stated before, it can be hard to talk members into changes this tradition of the organization, but through time and education they will see its benefits. By performing such alternatives as previously mentioned, the dang erous hazing process will be eliminated and the good-side of these groups will become evident.Working together on a project, such as one that will help the local community, will bring a sense of accomplishments to the members and a sense of pride to both the community and the institution (Kempert 12). Of course the only way these solutions could come into effect is if the organizations and the institution work together. The school has to realize that, even if there has been no public incidences regarding hazing in their school, hazing probably does exist. It is this thought that should cause them to form some sort of incentive program of their own to counteract it. However, the members also have to take state and go to the school for help in organizing the possible incentives and alternatives.Hazing in universitiesHazing in universities across the nation has become an increasingly dangerous ritual that is seemingly becoming more difficult to put an end to due to its development int o an underground activity. Though a regular activity in the seventies, hazing, a possible dangerous act of initiation to a group, has now become an activity that is banned in thirty-nine states (Wagner 16). However, this ritual has not been stopped or become less severe. In fact it is becoming more dangerous.Since it has been banned, with many colleges imposing their own penalties against those participating in it, many fraternities and sororities have pursued this activity in an underground fashion. Since these groups have gone underground, some victims of these rituals have been injured and subsequently died. This is due to the hazers not seeking medical treatment for the victims, for fear that they may be fined or charged by police or campus authorities. One estimate states that at least sixty-five students have died between the years of 1978 and 1996 from beatings and stress inflicted during fraternity initiation rites (Greek 26).Hazing has been defined in the Pennsylvania Hazin g Law as any action or situation which recklessly or intentionally endangers the mental or physical safety of a student or which destroys or removes public or private property for the purpose of initiation or admission into or affiliation with, or as a condition for continued membership in, any organization operating under the sanction of or recognized as an organization by an institution of higher education.The term shall include, but not be limited to, any brutality of a physical nature, such as whipping, beating, branding, forced calisthenics, exposure to the elements, forced consumption of any food, liquor, drug, or other substance, or any forced physical activity which could adversely affect the physical health and safety of the individual, and shall include any activity which would subject the individual to extreme mental stress, such as sleep deprivation, forced exclusion from social contact, forced conduct which could result in extreme embarrassment, or any other forced acti vity which could adversely affect the mental health or dignity of the individual(Pennsylvania Hazing Law 1). The importance of this hazing situation is the fact that people are being injured, both physically and mentally, causing death or lifelong trauma.Though it may seem like an easy to control situation, the truth is that it is not easy at all. The only times that these groups, who subject individuals to hazing activities, are caught or penalized is after the damage done to an individual is so horrible as to result in death or hospitalization. The act of hazing may consist of something as subtle as a pledge, one who is trying to become a part of the group, having to answer phones at a fraternity house to extreme hazing such as being severely beat with paddles or even bricks. Since hazing takes many forms, it is hard for the public to realize that these pledges are actually being harmed.It is especially hard to see the mental abuse aspect of this situation. At times, pledges may b e forced to wear humiliating items such as dog collars or diapers. It may look like an innocent prank, and may actually seem humorous, but stunts like this can deeply affect a person emotionally (Scleifer 42). Hazers in Greek societies have also been known to play the buzz-saw game in which a chainsaw is held inches away from a pledge until he/she screams in terror. This practice is used to instill respect, in the form of extreme fear, into the pledges (The Persistent Madness of Greek Hazing 14). Physical hazing, however, is where the most life threatening problems are occurring.With groups such as Omega Psi Phi of the University of Florida, who whacked its inductees in the heads with boards, beat them with fists, and hit them with bricks, one can only expect catastrophic results. For example, in 1993, the members of Omega Psi Phi beat Joseph J. Snell, a junior at the University of Maryland with such objects as a hammer, a horsehair whip, a broken chair leg, and a brush. Later, Snel l was forced to place a space heater next to his face because the group said that his skin was not black enough. Snell was hospitalized due to the incident. He remained scared and despondent after his release. He had even called a suicide hotline because of the mental anguish that was caused (Former Student Wins $375,000 23).The hurt and confusion of a victim of mental and physical hazing can remain for years after the abuse. Yet, even after all the abuse, members of these organizations continue to feel that because they had to suffer through this act of initiation to get into the group, their successors must also be fall subject to these activities. Naturally, people want and need to be accepted. This is why an individual will go along with the hazing activities. Valerie Eastman, a behavioral science professor at Drury College in Springfield, MO, states You know youre a reasonable person and you just went through this nasty, unpleasant ritual, so you think the group must have been worth it. You try to justify it (Wagner 16).Though some members in a fraternity or sorority may be against what is happening to these individuals, the codes of secrecy and brotherhood/sisterhood are so strong that they fear to break them and come forward to report these acts (Ruffins 18). Lydia Bradley, a strong advocate of anti-hazing laws and national speaker for placement of these laws, has interviewed students about the act of hazing in college. She reports, Im told that hazing unifies a group, that it is a rite-of-passage, that it builds brotherhood, that it is a tradition, or, the worst reason of all, that I went through it(Bradley 1). It is this type of attitude that hinders the expulsion of the hazing activities. We, as the public, are limited, both in our knowledge of what truly happens in these groups and the ability to stop it, by not personally becoming a member of them.Though some of the fraternities that have been suspended for acting against these anti-hazing laws, t hey continue to operate underground and make no effort to change their behavior according to Stocktons Director of Student Development, Tom ODonnell (Kempert 12). As of yet, there are virtually no associations that actively monitor the actions of fraternities and sororities. They are trusted to act in a responsible manner. As stated in Hank Nuwers Broken Pledges The Deadly Rite of Hazing, What possibly could be expected from a group of adolescents when you leave them alone to govern their own activities (Nuwer 34). One may parallel these activities to those expressed in William Goldings Lord of the Flies to what may happen when such adolescents are left unsupervised to run a members-only organization.National Fraternities and sororities have neglected their parental responsibilities and have left pledging up to these adolescents. It is important that these actions are stopped by any reasonable means necessary. Since hazing has been a process that virtually all these members had bee n subject to, they will be reluctant to change. The idea of hazing has been placed in their heads as a test to foster unity, to instill a sense of membership, to promote scholarship, and to build awareness of the specific chapters history (Chenowith 20). Therefor, an alternative must be able to instill these exact qualities. Believers in the supposed benefits of hazing may be more likely to change their opinion if they can envision some alternatives.In many cases, those who are most vocal against eliminating hazing are those who are bitter and angry about the hazing that they themselves endured, but dont want to eliminate this publicly. They expect others should be abused in order to gain true membership in the group. In this case, specific programs should be established to teach the devastating effects of hazing. A new sanction reduction policy has been established at Richard Stockton College of New Jersey to tackle some of the problems. The fraternities at this college that have b een sanctioned for committing violations are now able to participate in a program that will possibly reduce their sanctions.This OPTIONS program offers students to take one of two four-credit elective courses The Psychology of Well Being, which explores principles of physical and mental health, or Alcohol 101, which teachers the dangerous effects of alcohol, especially those involved in college situations. Along with this, they had established a Greek self-study committee, through which a Greek Council was formed (Kempert 12). This will educate students about the dangers they are placing on the pledges and change their ways while offering them the incentive of lowered sanctions at the same time. Incentives seem to be the best way to reach these organizations and hopefully it will subject them to the knowledge of what their actions may cause others. An alternative replacement to hazing activities would be another way to eliminate this problem. They could foster their unity in ways su ch as involving the whole group in a community charity.By asking the pledges to involve themselves in charities, or present the group with specific ideas for charitable work, would show the pledges sense of commitment to the group, along with helping to show the public the goodness that can become of these groups (Crothers 50). Instead of making the pledges do chores or excessive exercise, why not promote scholarship by designating study hours. What better way to prove an organizations worthiness but by setting an example scholastically. These fraternities or sororities could invite leaders of the national groups or advisors to speak at a meeting instead of forcing these pledges to incessantly recite names or worthless facts about the group they are pledging to. Many alternatives are out there one just has to have the strength to bring it to mention. Of course other solutions such as the undercover spies have been thought of.But, this would only seem to tear the organization apart a nd make them more careful in whom the choose as pledges, make them more dangerous and secretive in their activities, and less likely to help someone once they have been injured for fear of getting caught. A combination of incentives, alternatives, and a council to create a forum to discuss these alternatives to the hazing process is the most reasonable solution to this problem. Using otherwise sneaky tactics could only increase the problem and drive it further underground. As stated before, it can be hard to talk members into changes this tradition of the organization, but through time and education they will see its benefits. By performing such alternatives as previously mentioned, the dangerous hazing process will be eliminated and the good-side of these groups will become evident.Working together on a project, such as one that will help the local community, will bring a sense of accomplishments to the members and a sense of pride to both the community and the institution (Kempert 12). Of course the only way these solutions could come into effect is if the organizations and the institution work together. The school has to realize that, even if there has been no public incidences regarding hazing in their school, hazing probably does exist. It is this thought that should cause them to form some sort of incentive program of their own to counteract it. However, the members also have to take responsibility and go to the school for help in organizing the possible incentives and alternatives.

“The World Is Blue” Reflection Essay

Kylee Luckett BIO 106 Dr. Harper 4/10/2012 The World is Blue Sylvia Earle Review and analysis by Kylee Luckett It is our choices that show what we truly are, far more than our abilities. -Albus Dumbledore They say only a few entrust eveningr speak loud enough to be comprehend over the other seven billion voices on the planet. Today some unrivalled is sh out(p)ing. Screaming off of the pages of The World is Blue is Sylvia Earle, National Geographic Societys Explorer in Residence, and vast contri plainlyor to the effort to preserve the planets oceans.Earles keep back is non an inconvenient truth, fueled by governing and funding, but rather, by Earles heart for the ocean, and its unique residents. Earle explores conflict and resolution, adept chapter and issue at a time. Taking Marine Wildlife The elephant in the room Earle utilizes her chapter on weight to call the world out on the elephant in the room-overfishing. Earle discusses how at genius time in history, people believe d that there was an infinite nub of fish to be caught, that there would never be a day when we would see something as popular as tuna, go extinct.We are sitting on the eve of that day. Earle really brings out the reality of overfishing, almost mocking our early ideas of sustainable yield. .. but those pesky animals didnt obey the rules.. So whats wrong with the impression of sustainable yield? (Earle) Earle makes keen note that you ordurenot possibly create a theory of sustainability, when you know next to nothing about the species you are supposedly forsaking. Earle debunks the idea of a surplus in the ocean of a healthy ecosystem, stating What APPEARS to be an overabundance to human observers is a natural insurance policy (Earle) Earle applies the like idea of questionable yield to ocean mammals. She spends a fair amount of this chapter on the touchy subject that is almost always controversial-whaling. She lends a nod to her give initial ignorance of marine mammals in an honest confession. I had come to regard the cats, dogs, horses, squirrels and rabbits I knew personally as individuals, but I did not conceive of of whales the self aforementioned(prenominal)(prenominal) way. (Earle) She goes on there after, to explain her emotional experience of meeting a whale, and her forever changed perspective.Whaling is just the tip of the iceberg or in this case, melting glacier, for Earle. Earle shifts into the amount of marine mammals killed as by catch, and the epidemic that breeds within the fishing industry. What would the world think if in fact the by catch of their tuna salad was the cheeseparing Flipper? Would they still feel safe about their claimed dolphin safe tuna? I recall my six year old self, carefully checking separately can of tuna my mother p trussed in our shopping cart, seeking out that little smiling dolphin to confirm that my lunch would be indigent of dolphin massacre.So much has changed since those would be conservation efforts. Earle does not forget to mention the smaller, less thought of creatures-the shellfish. Earle opens her chapter with a history lesson centered on oysters, at one time in our history- she notes . they were described as hazards to navigation. (Earle) Today, few would ever say abundant in the same sentence as oysters. Earle pay homage to the grandness of the shellfish in our ocean, discussing everything from clams to my personal favorite-the octopus, whom Earle notes as a critical part of the oceans health.Earle pixilateds her shellfish segment with a sentence that hits close to home. I have decided to cease and desist, hoping that every lobster I dont eat, will increase the chances that somewhere a lobster might live, and do what lobsters do as a part of a healthy ocean. (Earle) With that statement, I immediately connected on a personal level to Earle. As a pricey vegetarian, I too, have hopes that every animal I do not eat, will aid in the future of that species, and ultimately, our planets future. She lends advice however, to these dynamic and interlacing issues- and it is all so simple.Do not take, what you cannot replace, and do not take what you know nothing about. The world is a vampire- sent to drain. Earles second major concept of her book is the relentless greed of the human race. Through pollution, ignorance, and pillaging of all resources, the human race has become that of a vampire species, feeding off of the corrupting lure of power, money, and claim that our planets oceans bring. A particular lipstick wearing, wolf hunting politician made a statement that is becoming hearty with most of America today- Drill baby, drill. For the unknowing, that is Sarah Palin, a woman who agrees with offshore, and in some cases, onshore drilling. The topic of oil is sensitive. Do you drill in former wildlife and marine reserves to avoid wars with your supplying companies? Most of America, even the left minded Barak Obama was nodding to the idea of on and offs hore drilling in the United States backyard. The steady rising price of fuel and oil are making more Americans nod yes, than ever before. Earle is shaking her head no. largely because the action occurs underwater, out of the public view, little attention has focused on what actually happens on the ocean floor where drilling takes place, or what creatures are displaced by the thousands of miles of pipeline laced across the bottom (Earle)Despite my serious vendetta against Sarah Palin, I myself, had not actually considered the impact of pipelines on the ocean floor, I was always more focused on oil spills and the tragedies which take place thereafter. Earle does make serious mention of oil spills, reliving the Exxon Valdez casualty that permanently damaged the Alaskan shoreline.The book even features the schoolbook of Earles testimony before Congress on the recent oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. It is not the spills, the pipelines, or the seeping of the oil that sets a tic for Earle its the use of the oil itself. The subject everyone has heard about, even if they didnt want to. It doesnt take Al Gore to make one think or hear about climate change. The 1950s were a time for poodle skirts, milkshakes, and good old fashion family values, along with cigarettes, seat beltless cars, and DDT. My promontory is it should not stun anyone that emissions are impacting the planet in a negative way.Earle seems to feel the same. Civilization shortly thrives on oil based economies, and is continuing to do so despite herculean efforts to move away from fuels that pollute the planet today and will potentially shorten the number of tomorrows our species will have. (Earle) Sylvia Earle is not an extreme point leftist she is an educated woman who has formulateed beside oil engineer leaders, government officials, and offshore experts. I believe it is these credentials that make her so magnetic, and tune readers thoughts to her direction. Her powerhouse chapter on oil has n Achil les heel, her lack of insight on solution. It is not as though she has an answer and it is not as if she is not willing to share, it is that no one has a surefire way to reroute the flight of emissions. This chapter, though mind-blowingly effective, still has an unfinished climax, much like our planet. Uneducated or Unwilling to learn? Earle is consistently using the same explanation throughout her book as to why individuals are not taking more action. In every chapter, she highlights examples of attitudes and expressions from people associated to the topic.Earles book is one of the tools our society now has to combat the epidemic of the uneducated on the subject of anthropogenic damage to nature. at that place is not a single environmentalist who at one time did not face the reality transition of a need for change. The issue is entirely complex and tedious because alongside the uneducated, are the unwilling. There has been an outward cry on the subject of climate change from Chris tians, denouncing it as political corruption, or that climate change is merely an effect listed in the book of Revelations.Earle does not seem to let the major issue of uneducated and unwilling affect her view on the future. She positively lists the strides being made to better image the ocean. In Earles closing chapters, it is as if she is taking the reader by the hand, and showing how we can all make a difference. I found Earles book to be stirring. I have definitely become something of a cheerleader for Earle after reading this book. As a woman pursuing conservation cognition as a career, I found Earle to be a keen example of what one person can do in their field that can change the thoughts of others worldwide.Earle took her opportunity as an author, and produced an extraordinary document that covers every issue associated with the ocean and humans, but goes a step beyond outlining whats wrong. Earle uniquely includes what is right, and what is currently being done to change t he movement of the future. I have read several books on environmental issues, and none have so effectively utilized the opportunity to educate and motivate individuals like Earle has done in her book. Earle has motivated me to keep fighting the good fight. I often struggle over if my work with polar bears ill ever be worth anything, and Earles book was the push I needed to continue on. Even if I do not know the outcome, at least I can say, I have made the effort in my lifetime to try. Earle sets a standard for each reader, to only when make choices in favor of the planet, and its oceans. We may not all have the ability to write books, give speeches, or work directly alongside the ocean, but we all have choices we can make to better our tomorrow. We are living in a time of great uncertainty, and are all faced with a forked road ahead of us.One leads us to certain extinction, the other to opportunity to at least try to change for the better. The world is blue today, but what will i t look like tomorrow? What will our children see when they look to the sea? The answer lies entirely on our willingness to change. Will we be the generation who turned the course of the planet around? Or will we be the generation who had the opportunity and denied our own species, and so many others a future? Works Cited Earle, Sylvia A. The World is Blue. uppercase DC National Geographic, 2009.